Unleashing America's Workforce and Strengthening Our Economy

Labor Department and Labor LawHouse Education and Workforce · 2025-02-26 · 119th Congress
The House Committee on Education and Workforce held this hearing, titled "Unleashing America's Workforce and Strengthening Our Economy," on February 26, 2025, to review labor-market and regulatory policy from the Biden administration and debate the incoming Trump administration's approach to jobs, taxes, and regulation. Begins at 0:10:08
Transcript
Highlights

Title

House Education and Workforce Committee Hearing on Workforce and Economic Policy

Purpose

The House Committee on Education and Workforce held this hearing, titled "Unleashing America's Workforce and Strengthening Our Economy," on February 26, 2025, to review labor-market and regulatory policy from the Biden administration and debate the incoming Trump administration's approach to jobs, taxes, and regulation. Four witnesses — Rosanna Maietta (American Hotel and Lodging Association), Dr. William Beach (Economic Policy Innovation Center), Dr. Heidi Shierholz (Economic Policy Institute), and Elizabeth Milito (NFIB Small Business Legal Center) — testified on regulatory costs, tax policy, and labor-market conditions, while members clashed over job-creation records, the pending House budget resolution's Medicaid/SNAP cuts, and DOGE-driven federal workforce firings. Begins at0:10:08

Who spoke

Chairman Tim Walberg (R-MI)0:10:08: Opened by blaming Biden-era COVID mandates, stimulus spending, and regulations (citing the NLRB joint-employer rule and a $1.8 trillion cumulative regulatory cost estimate) for job losses and inflation0:11:390:13:11; closed by defending the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and urging bipartisan work on WIOA reauthorization3:09:16.

Ranking Member Bobby Scott (D-VA)0:16:44: Countered that Biden created a record 16.2 million jobs and left unemployment at 4%0:17:440:18:45; pressed for answers on DOGE's access to Labor Department data and the firings of NLRB member Gwynne Wilcox and two EEOC commissioners0:22:170:22:48; later argued the House budget resolution's $4.5 trillion tax cuts would worsen the deficit while forcing cuts to student loans and school meals0:24:48.

Rosanna Maietta, American Hotel and Lodging Association0:29:22: Said the hotel industry remains down nearly 200,000 jobs since COVID despite raising wages 15% faster than the national average0:29:52; urged passage of the Save Local Business Act, expanded H-2B visas, and extension of the 2017 tax cuts including "no tax on tips," which she said would help roughly 800,000 tipped hotel workers0:31:231:17:47.

Dr. William Beach, Economic Policy Innovation Center0:32:24: Noted job openings are down over a million from a year earlier and wages have flattened while inflation eroded purchasing power0:33:54; testified that freezing regulations for a decade could raise GDP 1.8% and lower inflation 0.7 percentage points0:34:242:38:59.

Dr. Heidi Shierholz, Economic Policy Institute0:35:24: Said the hearing was occurring alongside a budget making "Draconian cuts" to health care and food assistance to fund tax cuts for the wealthy0:35:54; testified worker purchasing power in 2024 exceeded the 2019 business-cycle peak across all wage levels0:37:26; later called the federal workforce "tiny" at under 2% of U.S. payroll employment0:53:35.

Elizabeth Milito, NFIB Small Business Legal Center0:39:57: Said small business optimism hit its highest point since 2018 after the election but the expiring 20% small-business deduction threatens a tax hike on over 30 million businesses0:40:58; opposed OSHA's proposed heat-injury rule as exceeding OSHA's authority [0:35:57 → 1:03:40].

Rep. Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR)0:49:02: Cited over 30,000 federal firings under DOGE and constituent fears about Musk's access to personal data0:49:32; raised cuts at USDA, NIH-funded OHSU, the Forest Service, and the Bonneville Power Administration in Oregon0:50:320:51:03.

Rep. Rick Allen (R-GA)0:54:35: Cited 7.6 million current job openings0:54:35; questioned Milito on why small businesses offer health benefits and ERISA's role, and Maietta on franchise joint-employer rules0:55:360:58:38.

Rep. Alma Adams (D-NC)0:59:38: Asked Shierholz about the sensitivity of Wage and Hour Division case files and OSHA whistleblower confidentiality if accessed by DOGE1:00:38; also questioned Milito on the proposed OSHA heat standard, framing opposition as accepting worker deaths1:04:10.

Rep. Burgess Owens (R-UT)1:05:10: Advocated for independent-contractor flexibility, describing his own post-NFL career as a contractor1:06:10; asked Maietta and Milito how the Biden joint-employer and independent-contractor rules threatened franchising and entrepreneurship1:06:411:08:42.

Rep. Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA)1:10:13: Asked Shierholz how Wilcox's firing undermines NLRB independence1:10:43; argued trickle-down economics research shows it "doesn't work" and asked about the Trump administration's stance on disability protections and the Department of Education1:12:141:13:44.

Rep. Michael Rulli (R-OH)1:15:45: Focused questioning on Maietta about "no tax on tips" benefiting single mothers and hotel workers and its effect on employee retention1:16:151:19:48.

Rep. Donald Norcross (D-NJ)1:20:48: Supported no tax on tips but warned of abuse risk in reclassifying wages as tips, and criticized proposals to eliminate overtime pay1:21:181:21:49; asked Shierholz to confirm OSHA regulations save lives1:23:20.

Rep. Mary Miller (R-IL)1:25:22: Disputed Shierholz's characterization of the federal workforce as "tiny," calling the 2.4 million figure large1:25:52; had Milito confirm small business optimism has "surged" under Trump1:26:22.

Rep. Lucy McBath (D-GA)1:29:54: Cited layoffs at the CDC in Georgia, the FAA administrator's forced resignation before a fatal crash, and rising egg prices, arguing Republican policies raise costs while advocating paid family leave and WIOA reauthorization1:31:561:33:57.

Rep. Mark Messmer (R-IN)1:34:57: Asked Milito to confirm NFIB opposes the OSHA heat rule and supports legislation blocking it, and confirmed the 20% deduction does not benefit billionaires1:35:271:36:58.

Rep. Jahana Hayes (D-CT)1:39:59: Argued hearing testimony lacked pandemic context and defended Biden's job-creation record and CARES Act small-business aid; contrasted "no tax on tips" with her preference for raising the $7.25 minimum wage1:42:31.

Rep. John Mannion (D-NY)1:45:03: Questioned Shierholz on the NLRB's adjudication role and open investigations into Musk-owned companies, and Beach on the process for removing a BLS Commissioner1:46:331:48:35.

A Republican member from Missouri1:49:03: Argued pandemic-era stimulus drove inflation and that much recent job growth was pandemic-recovery or government jobs rather than new private-sector creation, questioning Maietta on entry-level hospitality job losses1:49:351:51:37.

Rep. Summer Lee (D-PA)1:54:38: Called the Republican budget's $4.5 trillion in tax cuts incompatible with "unleashing" workers given Medicaid/SNAP cuts, and had Shierholz confirm the top 1% would receive roughly $60,000 in TCJA-linked tax cuts versus under $100 for lower-income households1:56:091:58:10.

Rep. Glenn Grothman (R-WI)1:59:41: Argued means-tested benefit "cliffs" discourage workers from taking raises or overtime, drawing on Maietta's and Beach's responses2:01:122:02:12.

Rep. Joe Courtney (D-CT)2:05:13: Cited reports of a "serious Trump recession," a steep consumer-confidence decline, and rising steel/fertilizer prices from tariffs, asking Shierholz whether the combination of layoffs and tariff-driven costs resembles stagflation2:05:442:08:45.

Rep. Mark Harris (R-NC)2:09:46: Asked Beach how first-term deregulation benefited workers and what further deregulatory steps could help in the second term2:10:16.

Rep. Haley Stevens (D-MI)2:14:48: Warned that an $880 billion Medicaid cut in the budget resolution would harm Detroit-area workers and families with medically complex children, pressing Shierholz on Medicaid's long-term benefits for children2:16:212:17:21.

Rep. James Moylan (R-Guam)2:20:21: Highlighted the importance of the H-2B visa program and TCJA extension to Guam's economy and asked Milito how regulatory savings could be reinvested in workers2:22:232:22:53.

A California Democratic member2:25:24: Challenged claims of "billions" in Medicaid waste, calling it a lean program, and asked Shierholz about the economic harm from firing VA intake staff and disproportionate impact on veterans and military spouses2:25:542:29:26.

Rep. Virginia Foxx (R-NC)2:30:57: Asked Beach why regulations have an outsized economic impact compared with tax cuts and asked Milito what unresolved Biden-era rules (heat standard, joint-employer, independent-contractor) still burden small businesses2:31:272:33:28.

Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-MN)2:35:59: Argued DOGE-driven cuts to OSHA and the Wage and Hour Division would let "bad apple employers" cut corners and increase wage theft, and challenged Milito on excluding heat illness from OSHA's occupational-hazard authority2:37:002:40:32.

Rep. Kevin Kiley (R-CA)2:41:32: Criticized former acting Labor Secretary Julie Su's California record and touted his Modern Worker Empowerment Act and Modern Worker Security Act on independent-contractor classification and portable benefits2:42:332:45:04.

Rep. Greg Casar (D-TX)2:46:35: Argued Trump and Musk are dismantling the NLRB, citing Wilcox's firing and NLRB citations against SpaceX for illegal severance agreements and retaliatory firings2:47:352:50:06; had Shierholz correct the record that the Biden contractor rule restored a decades-old standard rather than mimicking California's AB52:49:06.

Rep. Ryan Mackenzie (R-PA)2:51:37: Called for focusing economic policy on workforce development, paid leave, child care and adoption tax credits, E-Verify enforcement, and a Cyber PIVOT Act to fill 500,000 open cybersecurity jobs2:52:382:55:40.

Key moments

Scott displayed charts showing Biden-era job creation of 16.2 million — a record for any presidential term — against unemployment falling to 4% by January 2025, while Trump's job performance is characterized as the worst in about a century0:17:440:18:45.

Scott and Bonamici pressed for answers on whether Elon Musk's DOGE team has accessed confidential whistleblower files, unpublished jobs data, and case files potentially touching Musk's own companies at the Labor Department0:22:480:23:48.

Shierholz testified purchasing power for low-, middle-, and high-wage workers was higher in 2024 than at the 2019 pre-pandemic peak, and that unemployment had stayed at or below 4.2% for 39 months — the longest such stretch since the 1960s0:37:260:37:56.

Miller challenged Shierholz's description of the federal workforce as "tiny" (2.4 million employees); Shierholz replied the figure represents under 2% of all U.S. payroll employees1:25:521:30:55.

DeSaulnier and Shierholz discussed NLRB member Wilcox's firing, with Shierholz stating the dismissal email cited her "unduly favoring" employees, signaling remaining board members must rule for employers to keep their jobs1:11:13.

Beach's research found freezing federal regulations for a decade could raise GDP by 1.8%, while Milito cited an estimated $50,100-per-employee "hidden regulatory tax" on small businesses2:38:592:52:53.

Courtney cited a Telegraph report on "a serious Trump recession," the steepest consumer-confidence drop since August 2021, and a 20% post-election rise in steel prices tied to tariffs, which Shierholz called "worrisome" signs of instability2:05:442:08:45.

Casar cited NLRB findings that Musk's SpaceX imposed illegal severance agreements and retaliated against workers who criticized Musk, framing DOGE's NLRB actions as self-interested2:49:36.

Lee had Shierholz confirm that under the TCJA framework, the top 1% would receive about $60,000 in tax cuts in 2025 versus under $1,000 for the middle class and under $100 for lower-income households1:56:39.

Milito and Adams sharply disagreed over OSHA's proposed heat-injury standard, with Adams framing opposition as tolerating worker deaths and Milito responding that heat is a "public health hazard" but not an OSHA-regulable "occupational hazard" absent new statutory authority1:04:102:40:32.

Metadata

CommitteeHouse Education and Workforce
Chamber / CongressHouse · 119th Congress
Date2025-02-26
TypeHearing
Witnesses
Dr. William Beach — Senior Fellow in Economics, Economic Policy Innovation Center
Dr. Heidi Shierholz — President, Economic Policy Institute
Ms. Elizabeth Milito — Executive Director, National Federation of Independent Business Small Business Legal Center
Ms. Rosanna Maietta — President and Chief Executive Officer, American Hotel and Lodging Association
Videoyoutube
Transcript359 caption blocks · 29,052 words · 3:10:34 runtime
EventCongress.gov 117886