INL Should Fight Crime, Not Fight Conservatives

Defense Posture and Global ThreatsHouse Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere · 2025-03-27 · 119th Congress
The House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere held its first hearing of the 119th Congress to examine the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) ahead of reauthorization, weighing GAO oversight findings against disputes over the Biden administration's prior conditioning of aid on human-rights and governance concerns in Guatemala and El Salvador, and the Trump administration's abrupt 2025 freeze on foreign assistance. Begins at 0:19:32
Transcript
Highlights

Title

Reauthorizing the State Department's INL Bureau

Purpose

The House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere held its first hearing of the 119th Congress to examine the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) ahead of reauthorization, weighing GAO oversight findings against disputes over the Biden administration's prior conditioning of aid on human-rights and governance concerns in Guatemala and El Salvador, and the Trump administration's abrupt 2025 freeze on foreign assistance. Witnesses from GAO, the Heritage Foundation, and the Washington Office on Latin America testified on INL's counternarcotics, rule-of-law, and anti-corruption programs in Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. Begins at0:19:32

Who spoke

Chairwoman María Elvira Salazar (R-FL)0:19:32: Argued INL spent the last four years pushing "gender ideology" and pronoun training instead of fighting crime0:20:02, criticized the Biden administration for refusing to work with Guatemalan Attorney General Consuelo Porras and cutting Salvadoran police funding by 50%0:21:030:23:35, and said INL's $2 billion annual budget must return to its original mission of training police and dismantling gangs0:24:05.

Ranking Member Joaquin Castro (D-TX)0:25:06: Accused the Trump administration of executive overreach in dismantling USADF, IAF, and USAGM without committee hearings0:26:07, said mass ICE raids and use of the Alien Enemies Act have sent people to El Salvador's prisons without due process0:27:39, and argued INL reauthorization must fund justice systems and civil society, not just police0:30:41.

Ms. Chelsa Kenney, GAO Director, International Affairs and Trade0:32:43: Said GAO has made 16 recommendations to INL since 2020, with several on Mexico firearms trafficking and wildlife trafficking still unaddressed0:33:130:34:44; testified the 2019 Trump-era freeze caused adverse effects to 39% (about 65) of INL programs0:57:25 and that GAO would review the current freeze if asked0:58:25.

Mr. Andrés Martínez-Fernández, Heritage Foundation0:36:45: Argued Biden-era "mission drift" and politicization weakened INL, citing Mexico's homicide rate now exceeding the Calderón-era peak and 100,000+ annual US overdose deaths0:39:46; said Biden ended US monitoring of Colombian coca cultivation0:41:48, and that economic pressure via tariffs/USMCA is the best leverage on Mexico1:32:47.

Mr. Adam Isacson, WOLA Director for Defense Oversight0:42:48: Said INL's roughly $600 million-plus regional budget has shifted from "drugs and thugs" toward rule-of-law and judicial support0:44:18, warned the administration's 90-day freeze cut civil-society/justice funding by about half while leaving police/military aid untouched0:45:49, and said restarting frozen programs could take Colombia's police "months if not a couple of years" to recover1:20:42.

Rep. Mike Lawler (R-NY)0:58:56: Cited 70,000 annual US fentanyl deaths and asked how INL and China precursor trafficking connect, pressing on cooperation with DHS and DEA0:59:261:03:28.

Rep. Greg Stanton (D-AZ)1:04:29: Said only 15% of INL Mexico programs have received waivers to resume after the freeze1:06:00, cited a Mexico City policing partnership that cut violent crime 58%1:08:02, and raised concerns about Mexico's judicial reforms making elected judges more vulnerable to pressure1:09:02.

Rep. Victoria Spartz (misidentified in transcript as "Shrieve," R-IN)1:10:03: Noted a GAO finding that INL cannot ensure its $3 billion-plus Mexico investment since 2008 is achieving security goals1:13:05, and asked Kenney what lessons INL should draw from the GAO review1:13:36.

Rep. Jonathan Jackson (D-IL)1:16:39: Described Colombia-led Operation Orion's 13th naval campaign, which seized over 400 tons of drugs and denied cartels $18.7 billion1:18:41, and asked Isacson about the impact of aid cuts on the program, including grounded Colombian police helicopters1:19:421:20:12.

Rep. Dina Titus (D-NV)1:21:43: Pressed Isacson on whether Trump's tariff threats against Mexico improved fentanyl cooperation1:21:43, and on diversion of DEA/HSI/Bureau of Prisons resources to mass deportation weakening drug enforcement1:23:43.

Chairwoman Salazar (second round)1:26:15: Asked Kenney for a concise explanation of where INL's $2 billion should be spent1:28:16, and pressed Martínez-Fernández and Isacson on why Mexican cooperation stalled under López Obrador and whether President Sheinbaum has the political will to help1:30:471:33:17.

Ranking Member Castro (second round)1:34:49: Criticized the DOGE team's secrecy and lack of expertise, calling for Elon Musk to testify before the full committee1:35:191:36:51, and noted officials have told the committee 70-90% of fentanyl precursor material enters the US before reaching Mexico1:38:22.

Key moments

Salazar said the Biden administration cut Salvadoran police funding by 50% and redirected INL funds to NGOs critical of President Bukele's security strategy0:23:35.

Kenney testified GAO's 2019 freeze review found 39% (about 65) of INL programs suffered adverse effects — reduced geographic reach, fewer training beneficiaries, and layoffs among implementing partners0:57:25.

Isacson said proposed 2025 cuts leave police/military aid "mostly untouched" while cutting civil society and justice institution support by roughly half, risking a return to a narrow "drugs and thugs" bureau0:45:49.

Salazar and Isacson clashed over Bukele: Salazar noted El Salvador jailed roughly 3% of the male population0:51:21, while Isacson noted more than 300 deaths in Salvadoran jails over three years and said half of aid is legally conditioned on human-rights certification0:52:52.

Stanton cited a former ambassador's description of the aid freeze as having "shot the golden goose right in the leg," noting only 15% of INL Mexico programs have received waivers to resume1:06:00.

Martínez-Fernández said fentanyl seizures fell 22% from 2023-2024 and another 23% so far in 2025, which he attributed partly to renewed pressure on Mexico1:33:17; Salazar noted overdose deaths are down about 30%1:33:47.

Isacson said all fentanyl consumed in the US in a year could fit in the beds of two or three pickup trucks, with about two-thirds destined for Arizona alone, underscoring the need for broad investigative and port-security cooperation, not just border scanners1:07:01.

Castro said DOGE officials, including Pete Marocco, insisted a prior briefing be closed-door with only two-to-three minutes for questions rather than the normal five1:37:21.

Jackson said Operation Orion's 13th naval campaign involved 125 institutions across 62 countries and denied criminal organizations more than $18.7 billion, per Colombian military figures1:18:41.

Kenney said GAO's priority recommendation is that INL align individual project activities with its top-level strategic goals in Mexico, noting Firearms trafficking metrics were tracked as important but never built into INL's formal performance measures1:29:16.

Metadata

CommitteeHouse Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere
Chamber / CongressHouse · 119th Congress
Date2025-03-27
TypeHearing
Witnesses
Ms. Chelsa Kenney — Director, International Affairs and Trade, U.S. Government Accountability Office
Mr. Adam Isacson — Director for Defense Oversight, Washington Office on Latin America
Mr. Andrés Martínez-Fernández — Senior Policy Analyst, Latin America, Allison Center for National Security, The Heritage Foundation
Videoyoutube
Transcript162 caption blocks · 12,901 words · 1:41:55 runtime
EventCongress.gov 118054