AIMarkup of five bills on independent contractors, joint employers, and college athletics

Education and Workforce MarkupsHouse Education and Workforce · July 23, 2025 · 119th Congress
The House Education and Workforce Committee met to mark up five bills: H.R. Begins at ▶ 0:03:33
Transcript
Highlights

Title

Markup of five bills on independent contractors, joint employers, and college athletics

Purpose

The House Education and Workforce Committee met to mark up five bills: H.R. 1319 (Modern Worker Empowerment Act), H.R. 1320 (Modern Worker Security Act), H.R. 4366 (Save Local Business Act), H.R. 4312 (Student Compensation and Opportunity through Rights and Endorsements/SCORE Act), and H.R. 4307 (Enhancing Detection of Human Trafficking Act), though H.R. 4307 was ultimately not brought up for consideration. Members debated worker classification, joint-employer liability, and NCAA athlete compensation, offering numerous amendments before voting each bill out of committee. Begins at▶ 0:03:33

Who spoke

• Chairman (Rep. Tim Walberg, R-MI)▶ 0:03:33: Opened the markup, outlined all five bills and their purposes▶ 0:04:03, and repeatedly spoke in opposition to Democratic amendments across bills, arguing they would reintroduce "regulatory whiplash"▶ 0:42:26 or add unworkable costs to schools▶ 1:55:28.

• Ranking Member Bobby Scott (D-VA)▶ 0:09:28: Delivered the Democratic opening statement opposing four of the five bills as harmful to workers▶ 0:09:28, later arguing H.R. 1319's independent-contractor test would let companies misclassify nurses, bartenders, and others▶ 0:22:52, and citing an EPI estimate that a similar Trump-era joint-employer rule transferred $1.3 billion a year from workers to employers▶ 1:05:42.

• Rep. Kevin Kiley (R-CA)▶ 0:19:16: Explained his amendment in the nature of a substitute to H.R. 1319▶ 0:19:49, citing a Mercatus Center study finding self-employment fell 6.4% under restrictive state laws▶ 0:20:26; later introduced H.R. 1320▶ 0:50:12 and withdrew an amendment on FBS conference membership after discussing Sacramento State's situation with the chairman▶ 2:20:19▶ 2:24:35.

• Rep. Sara Jacobs / Rep. Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ)▶ 0:26:53: Offered an amendment making workplace flexibility a neutral factor in employment classification▶ 0:27:06; later offered Title IX-related amendments to H.R. 4312 on non-discrimination▶ 2:46:04 and Title IX training requirements [5:23:00 area, see 2:46:04], invoking Jim Jordan and Linda McMahon in her argument▶ 2:47:00.

• Rep. Susan Wild (D-PA) [1:35:33 / earlier 0:38:01]: Spoke in support of Ansari's flexibility amendment▶ 0:38:01.

• Rep. Summer Lee (D-PA)▶ 0:35:33: Offered an amendment barring forced arbitration for independent-contractor status disputes under H.R. 1319▶ 0:36:02; later offered an amendment striking the SCORE Act's ban on college athlete employment status▶ 2:04:07.

• Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-MN)▶ 0:39:16: Offered an amendment clarifying that routine worker discretion cannot be used to classify someone as an independent contractor▶ 0:39:34.

• Rep. Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR)▶ 0:44:18: Offered an amendment exempting child labor cases from H.R. 1319's new employee test, citing a nearly 300% rise in child labor violations from FY2015–2024▶ 0:44:49▶ 0:45:38.

• Rep. Mark Alford / Rep. Burgess Owens (Mr. Ander, R-MO)▶ 0:57:56: Introduced the amendment in the nature of a substitute for H.R. 4366, describing the "direct and immediate control" joint-employer standard▶ 1:00:39.

• Rep. Alma Adams (D-NC)▶ 1:12:29: Offered amendments exempting child labor violations from H.R. 4366's joint-employer standard▶ 1:12:52, and two H.R. 4312 amendments on Title IX roster/reporting practices, describing schools double-counting athletes and counting male practice players as women▶ 2:26:23▶ 2:27:15.

• Rep. Kim Schrier / Rep. from Washington (Bumgartner? — see below): (see Bomgartner)

• Rep. Rick Larsen (D-WA) [1:11:13, yielding to Hunter]: Yielded time to Congressman Hunter.

• Rep. Duncan Hunter-type member (Washington)▶ 1:11:19: Defended the "direct and immediate control" joint-employer standard as restoring a pre-2015 rule▶ 1:11:37.

• Chairwoman Lisa McClain / "Mlan" (R-MI)▶ 1:24:35: Introduced the amendment in the nature of a substitute to the SCORE Act, describing NIL agent registries, transfer-portal disclosures, and revenue-sharing figures▶ 1:26:56.

• Rep. Derek Kilmer / Bombgartner (Michael Baumgartner, R-WA)▶ 1:56:58: Offered four amendments to H.R. 4312 on competitive balance/revenue equality▶ 1:57:24, Title IX/TV revenue▶ 2:09:52, banning cross-country regular-season travel▶ 2:32:35, and stipends for athletes traveling across time zones▶ 2:41:16, all withdrawing or losing on votes.

• Rep. John Garamendi / Joe Courtney (D-CT)▶ 1:44:00: Criticized lack of coordination with Energy and Commerce's parallel markup and the exclusion of international student-athletes from NIL▶ 1:45:00; offered an amendment extending post-graduation medical coverage from 3 to 10 years, citing Paige Bueckers' ACL injuries▶ 1:49:19▶ 1:50:07.

• Rep. Lucy McBath (D-GA)▶ 1:39:32: Spoke on the importance of college athletics to Georgia communities and cited a US Olympic and Paralympic Committee letter warning of program cuts▶ 1:42:01.

• Rep. Greg Casar (D-TX)▶ 2:36:39: Offered an amendment striking the SCORE Act's preemption of state laws that would grant student athletes greater protections▶ 2:36:39.

• Rep. Rick Allen (R-GA)▶ 2:48:25: Raised concerns about NIL's cost to military service academies (citing $28 million and 111 cadet transfers at the Air Force Academy) and previewed floor amendments on academic eligibility▶ 2:50:19▶ 2:51:13.

Key moments

• Kiley cited a Mercatus Center study: self-employment fell 6.4% and overall employment dropped 4.8% in states with restrictive independent-contractor laws, compared to common-law standard states▶ 0:20:26.

• Scott said as many as 30% of companies illegally label some workers as independent contractors to cut costs▶ 0:23:52.

• On H.R. 4366, Scott cited an EPI estimate that a similar Trump-era joint-employer rule would transfer $1.3 billion annually from workers' paychecks to employers▶ 1:05:42.

• Bonamichi said Labor Department data show child labor violations rose nearly 300% from FY2015 to FY2024▶ 0:45:38.

• On the SCORE Act, Scott said the NCAA brought in $1.38 billion in revenue last fiscal year while a 2019 survey found nearly 25% of Division I athletes struggled to get enough food and 14% experienced homelessness▶ 1:29:18▶ 1:29:39.

• Courtney's amendment to extend post-graduation athlete medical coverage from 3 to 10 years failed 16-20▶ 5:36:52; Chairman argued the extension would strain university budgets and could cut non-revenue sports▶ 1:55:02.

• Kiley withdrew his own amendment removing conference-membership restrictions after the chairman committed to keep working with him on Sacramento State's stalled FBS transition, but said he would oppose the bill on the floor if unresolved▶ 2:24:10▶ 2:25:15.

• Bombgartner's amendment to ban transcontinental regular-season travel beyond two time zones was withdrawn after debate over the USC/UCLA move from the Pac-12 to the Big Ten▶ 2:32:20▶ 5:44:04.

• Ansari's amendment requiring Title IX training for athletics staff, invoking Jim Jordan's role in the Ohio State abuse case and Linda McMahon's WWE tenure, failed 16-20▶ 2:46:04▶ 5:48:10.

• Final votes: H.R. 1319 passed 19-16▶ 5:25:03, H.R. 1320 passed 19-16▶ 5:27:20, H.R. 4366 passed 20-16▶ 5:33:00, and H.R. 4312 (SCORE Act) passed 18-17▶ 5:50:58; H.R. 4307 was not brought up, prompting Rep. Ansari's floor protest alleging it was pulled to avoid an Epstein-files-related amendment▶ 5:15:00▶ 5:16:22.

Metadata

Official titleH.R. 1319 the "Modern Worker Empowerment Act"; H.R. 1320 the "Modern Worker Security Act"; H.R. 4366 the "Save Local Business Act"; H.R. 4312 the "Student Compensation and Opportunity through Rights and Endorsements (SCORE) Act"; H.R. 4307 the "Enhancing Detection of Human Trafficking Act"
CommitteeHouse Education and Workforce
Chamber / CongressHouse · 119th Congress
DateJuly 23, 2025
TypeMarkup
Witnesses
(none listed in event metadata)
Videoyoutube
Transcript784 caption blocks · 29,695 words · 5:52:12 runtime
EventCongress.gov 118545