Untapped Talent in America: Removing Barriers to Work and Supporting Opportunity for Individuals with Disabilities

Benefits Fraud and Improper PaymentsHouse Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security · September 9, 2025 · 119th Congress
The House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security, joined by the Subcommittee on Work and Welfare, held this hearing to examine barriers that discourage Americans receiving Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) from returning to work, including the $2,000 SSI asset limit, benefit "cliffs," overpayment recoupment rules, and expired demonstration authority. Begins at ▶ 0:22:18
Transcript
Highlights

Title

Removing barriers to work for Social Security disability beneficiaries

Purpose

The House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security, joined by the Subcommittee on Work and Welfare, held this hearing to examine barriers that discourage Americans receiving Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) from returning to work, including the $2,000 SSI asset limit, benefit "cliffs," overpayment recoupment rules, and expired demonstration authority. Members also sparred over SSA staffing cuts, DOGE's access to beneficiary data, and broader Republican proposals affecting Social Security and Medicaid. Begins at▶ 0:22:18

Who spoke

• Chairman Ron Estes (R-KS)▶ 0:22:18: Opened by noting 1.7 million Americans are missing from the workforce against 7 million open jobs▶ 0:23:14, and that roughly 60% of DI/SSI recipients want to work▶ 0:23:40; later credited his work helping pass the ABLE Act as Kansas Treasurer▶ 0:50:20.

• Rep. John Larson (D-CT), Ranking Member▶ 0:26:29: Said Congress hasn't enhanced Social Security since 1971▶ 0:26:58; repeatedly demanded a hearing with DOGE over access to beneficiaries' personal data and 7,000 SSA layoffs▶ 0:27:16▶ 0:28:53; noted SSA's administrative costs run below 1% versus 16–26% for private insurers▶ 0:30:22.

• Rep. Mike Carey (R-OH)▶ 0:31:58: Cited Ohio's disability agency serving nearly 37,000 Ohioans▶ 0:32:54; noted only 1 in 3 beneficiaries have heard of Ticket to Work▶ 0:34:45; discussed his Protecting Americans from Social Security Clawback Act on overpayments▶ 0:35:16.

• Rep. Danny Davis (D-IL), Ranking Member, Work and Welfare▶ 0:36:16: Announced his retirement is being marked by colleagues; criticized 7,000 SSA staff reductions and long office wait times▶ 0:36:53; pushed his SSI Savings Penalty Elimination Act with Rep. Fitzpatrick to raise the $2,000 asset limit▶ 0:39:53.

• Sean Tyrie, KU Center on Disabilities research aide▶ 0:43:04: Described living with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and using VR services, an ABLE account, and Medicaid's Working Healthy program to reach competitive employment▶ 0:44:00▶ 0:47:35; said only 8 benefits planners currently serve all of Kansas▶ 1:13:27.

• Amy Wallish, Full Circle Employment Solutions CEO▶ 0:50:57: Said 81% of her staff are certified benefits counselors▶ 0:51:48; cited a 121% rise in Ticket to Work assignments after outreach, which dropped once SSA enforced a 0.5% assignment requirement she wants eliminated▶ 0:53:21; noted SGA-level earnings of $1,620/month create a work disincentive▶ 0:54:19.

• Jared Sanderson, Nautical Manufacturing and Fulfillment▶ 0:56:45: Described hiring 35 individuals through Down Syndrome Innovations, calling it "not charity" but sound business strategy▶ 1:00:59; said staffing agencies often screen out candidates with disabilities before they reach employers▶ 2:23:51.

• Dr. Denise Hoffman, Mathematica▶ 1:02:05: Said just 28% of SSDI beneficiaries understand the trial work period▶ 1:03:00; found 82% of working SSDI beneficiaries who earn above a threshold are overpaid▶ 1:03:28; said the BOND demonstration would have cost the trust fund $1 billion annually without raising earnings▶ 1:06:01.

• Tracy Thomas Groner, Justice in Aging▶ 1:07:02: Described "Miss G," retroactively found ineligible for SSDI and owing over $100,000▶ 1:09:44; said the SSDI overpayment withholding rate rose from 10% to 50% under the current administration▶ 1:09:17; supported the SSI Savings Penalty Elimination Act▶ 1:11:03.

• Rep. Lloyd Smucker (R-PA)▶ 1:37:26: Asked how SSDI's "cash cliff" and SSI's phase-out could be better aligned▶ 1:38:48; discussed his own bill on Social Security claiming-age clarity▶ 1:38:23.

• Rep. Gwen Moore (D-WI)▶ 1:41:38: Questioned whether Tyrie's success was replicable, noting risk of losing benefits if his job ended▶ 1:44:08; highlighted marriage penalties for disabled adult children and SSI couples losing ~50% of combined benefits▶ 1:46:16.

• Rep. Rudy Yakym (R-IN)▶ 1:47:22: Highlighted Indiana organizations ADEC and Bosma Enterprises▶ 1:48:25; asked Tyrie about misinformation deterring beneficiaries from working▶ 1:51:35.

• Rep. Linda Sánchez (D-CA)▶ 1:52:53: Cited SSDI/SSI benefits averaging $19,000 and $9,000/year▶ 1:53:16; listed past Republican proposals to cut disability benefits▶ 1:53:39; raised concerns about AI use in disability determinations▶ 1:57:35.

• Rep. Blake Moore (R-UT)▶ 1:59:23: Cited a Sutherland Institute finding that safety-net participants have turned down work over fear of benefit cliffs▶ 1:59:23; asked about employer navigation of complex rules▶ 2:02:22.

• Rep. Steven Horsford (D-NV)▶ 2:04:20: Shared a constituent's story from Opportunity Village▶ 2:04:44; pressed on SSA field/hearing office closures and cited a report on proposed SSI cuts affecting nearly 400,000 people▶ 2:08:27.

• Rep. Randy Feenstra (R-IA)▶ 2:09:42: Used a chart to illustrate SSI calculation complexity▶ 2:10:07; asked about VR paperwork burdens▶ 2:13:43.

• Rep. Dwight Evans (D-PA)▶ 2:15:15: Discussed his bill capping SSI overpayment withholding at 10%▶ 2:16:11.

• Rep. Max Miller (R-OH)▶ 2:18:44: Highlighted Ohio partnerships including Cleveland State University and OAPSE▶ 2:19:14; praised Tyrie's testimony as moving for legislators▶ 2:22:01.

• Rep. Shomari Figures (D-AL)▶ 2:26:13: Cited Trump's proposed $70 billion in Social Security/SSI cuts▶ 2:26:41; described a constituent waiting over a year for medical evaluations amid rural hospital closures▶ 2:28:48.

• Rep. Aaron Bean (R-FL)▶ 2:31:21: Called this the first such joint hearing in 10 years▶ 2:32:19; questioned Sanderson and Wallish in a "lightning round" on hiring benefits▶ 2:34:47.

• Rep. Jimmy Gomez (D-CA)▶ 2:36:56: Quoted Treasury Secretary Bessent calling the reconciliation bill "a backdoor for privatizing Social Security"▶ 2:37:49 and cited other officials' remarks on privatization▶ 2:38:18; noted undocumented immigrants paid $26 billion into Social Security in 2023▶ 2:40:42.

• Rep. Nathaniel Moran (R-TX)▶ 2:42:17: Promoted Rep. French Hill's Social Security Disability Insurance Return to Work Act▶ 2:42:45; cited disability labor force participation of 41% versus 77.8% for non-disabled people▶ 2:46:14.

• Rep. Don Beyer (D-VA)▶ 2:47:37: Described his sister's work in the family business and his ENABLE Act with Rep. Smucker to strengthen ABLE accounts▶ 2:48:26; raised concerns about vaccine hesitancy harming people with disabilities▶ 2:50:38.

• Rep. Jimmy Panetta (D-CA)▶ 2:52:16: Discussed disabled adult children (DACs) losing benefits upon marriage and his Marriage Equality for Disabled Adults Act▶ 2:53:34.

Key moments

• Larson pressed all five witnesses on whether they know where DOGE stored beneficiaries' personal data after accessing SSA systems; each said no, and Larson called it "an abomination" that SSA itself doesn't know▶ 1:20:52.

• Tyrie testified the $2,000 SSI/SSDI asset limit would have prevented his employment without an ABLE account, since trial-period wages and benefits together exceeded the cap▶ 1:41:01.

• Hoffman said it took SSA an average of 262 days to complete an earnings review in 2022, contributing to overpayments affecting 82% of working SSDI beneficiaries above the earnings threshold▶ 1:03:00▶ 1:03:28.

• Groner described "Miss G," found retroactively ineligible for SSDI back to 2016 and billed over $100,000, losing her benefits and rationing medication as a result▶ 1:09:44.

• Wallish said SSA's 0.5% ticket-assignment enforcement requirement, begun in March 2023, caused Employment Networks' ticket assignments to drop after a prior 121% increase, and urged its elimination▶ 0:53:21.

• Moore and Groner discussed how marriage causes disabled adult children to lose benefits entirely, and SSI couples to lose roughly half their combined benefit, calling the rules a disincentive to marry▶ 1:46:16▶ 1:47:00.

• Gomez displayed quotes from Treasury Secretary Bessent ("backdoor for privatizing Social Security"), Elon Musk ("biggest Ponzi scheme"), and others to argue Republicans intend to privatize the program▶ 2:37:49▶ 2:38:48.

• Groner said the SSDI overpayment withholding rate was raised from 10% to 50% under the current administration, meaning beneficiaries can lose half their monthly check through no fault of their own▶ 1:09:17.

• Panetta highlighted his constituent Lori Long, a disabled adult child who would lose Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid benefits if she married, prompting his Marriage Equality for Disabled Adults Act▶ 2:53:34.

• Sanderson said Nautical Manufacturing has hired 35 individuals through Down Syndrome Innovations, describing measurable gains in throughput and reliability, not just goodwill▶ 1:00:59▶ 1:01:29.

Metadata

CommitteeHouse Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security
Chamber / CongressHouse · 119th Congress
DateSeptember 9, 2025
TypeHearing
Witnesses
(none listed in event metadata)
Videoyoutube
Transcript446 caption blocks · 24,692 words · 2:56:18 runtime
EventCongress.gov 118585