Hearings to examine the nomination of Brooke Rollins, of Texas, to be Secretary of Agriculture

Farm Economy and USDA OversightSenate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry · January 23, 2025 · 119th Congress
The Senate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee convened this hearing on January 23, 2025 to consider the nomination of Brooke Rollins of Texas to serve as Secretary of Agriculture. Begins at ▶ 0:18:51
Transcript
Highlights

Title

Confirmation hearing for Brooke Rollins as Secretary of Agriculture

Purpose

The Senate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee convened this hearing on January 23, 2025 to consider the nomination of Brooke Rollins of Texas to serve as Secretary of Agriculture. Chair John Boozman opened the 119th Congress's first committee hearing with introductory remarks welcoming new and returning members before turning to the nomination; Sens. John Cornyn and Ted Cruz of Texas introduced Rollins, who then gave an opening statement outlining her priorities. Members from both parties questioned Rollins for over three hours on trade, tariffs, disaster assistance, avian flu, biofuels, immigration and farm labor, SNAP and nutrition programs, wildfire response, and the farm bill. Begins at▶ 0:18:51

Who spoke

• Chair John Boozman (R-AR)▶ 0:18:51: Opened the hearing, praised the bipartisan disaster-assistance "bridge" passed at year's end▶ 0:22:57, and questioned Rollins on trade agenda priorities▶ 0:55:22 and SNAP program effectiveness▶ 0:57:51.

• Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN), Ranking Member▶ 0:25:18: Welcomed Rollins, raised concerns about across-the-board tariffs hurting rural America▶ 0:28:29, pressed Rollins on her family's oil-industry financial interests▶ 1:06:18 and on biofuels record at the Texas Public Policy Foundation▶ 1:04:48, and later asked about a reported $300 billion SNAP cut proposal▶ 3:56:53.

• Sen. John Cornyn (R-TX)▶ 0:30:00: Introduced Rollins, detailing her career from Gov. Rick Perry's policy director to Domestic Policy Council director and America First Policy Institute CEO▶ 0:32:29, and urged her confirmation to help pass a five-year farm bill▶ 0:33:46.

• Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX)▶ 0:35:32: Co-introduced Rollins, describing her Texas A&M roots and rural upbringing▶ 0:37:20, and raised Mexico's alleged violation of the 1944 water treaty affecting South Texas farmers▶ 0:38:53.

• Brooke Rollins, nominee for Secretary of Agriculture▶ 0:40:04: Introduced her family and supporters▶ 0:40:28, then in her opening statement outlined day-one priorities: deploying disaster economic assistance quickly▶ 0:49:38, addressing animal disease outbreaks▶ 0:49:56, and modernizing USDA▶ 0:49:56; throughout the hearing she cited a $45 billion agricultural trade deficit▶ 0:55:37, said only 43% of ag producers are net income positive▶ 2:27:15, and repeatedly declined to commit to opposing SNAP cuts▶ 3:18:32.

• Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY)▶ 1:09:03: Pressed Rollins on why a $65 million Agricultural Research Service lab funded in 2020 for the University of Kentucky still hasn't broken ground due to regulatory delays▶ 1:12:43.

• Sen. Michael Bennet (D-CO)▶ 1:15:38: Questioned Rollins on the agricultural trade deficit and her willingness to warn the White House of unintended trade-policy consequences▶ 1:18:41, and on national forest stewardship and wildfire funding disparities ($50,000/acre to fight fires vs. $1,400/acre in prevention)▶ 1:21:21.

• Sen. John Hoeven (R-ND)▶ 1:23:35: Invited Rollins to North Dakota's "Grand Farm" precision agriculture project▶ 1:24:56 and secured her commitment on tariff response and farm bill work▶ 1:26:47.

• Sen. Tina Smith (D-MN)▶ 1:31:16: Raised ethanol and sugar program economic impact ($7 billion and $23 billion respectively)▶ 1:32:09, rural housing reform legislation▶ 1:33:42, and work requirements for SNAP▶ 1:37:10.

• Sen. Joni Ernst (R-IA)▶ 1:39:06: Cited GAO data showing USDA headquarters at just 11% space utilization and pressed for a return-to-office commitment▶ 1:40:27, and raised biofuel tax credit uncertainty (45Z)▶ 1:42:59.

• Sen. Dick Durbin (D-IL)▶ 1:47:19: Raised concerns that mass deportation could devastate agriculture given that 40% of farmworkers are undocumented▶ 1:48:53, and asked about Project 2025's proposed $40,000 cap on crop insurance payouts▶ 1:53:51.

• Sen. Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS)▶ 1:54:39: Praised the $10 billion disaster supplemental▶ 1:55:33, raised concerns about inadequate USDA inspection of imported catfish from Vietnam and China▶ 1:56:02, and USDA veterinarian staffing shortages amid H5N1▶ 1:59:01.

• Sen. Cory Booker (D-NJ)▶ 2:02:04: Cited the loss of over 140,000 farms and proposed an Office of Small Farms within USDA▶ 2:03:57; raised meatpacking worker safety, citing 81% of poultry workers at elevated injury risk and two amputations weekly▶ 2:06:24; and asked about ultra-processed foods in school meals, noting 60% of children's calories come from them▶ 2:08:11.

• Sen. Roger Marshall (R-KS)▶ 2:10:01: Asked Rollins to describe her personal connection to agriculture and Trump's compassion for farmers▶ 2:12:28, and pressed on regulatory rollback of Waters of the United States and the Endangered Species Act▶ 2:16:21.

• Sen. Adam Schiff (D-CA)▶ 2:17:43: Detailed the Los Angeles wildfires' scope, including 2,300 deployed federal firefighters▶ 2:18:54, sought a commitment not to discriminate by state in wildfire response▶ 2:19:45, and pressed repeatedly on how farms would survive mass deportation of an estimated half of California's farm workforce▶ 3:41:08▶ 3:43:57.

• Sen. Cory Booker *(see above)*

• Sen. Tommy Tuberville (R-AL)▶ 2:24:55: Described dire conditions for Alabama farmers, including cotton input costs of $400/acre against roughly $100/acre returns▶ 2:25:25, and USDA office building occupancy embarrassment▶ 2:25:55.

• Sen. Peter Welch (D-VT)▶ 2:31:07: Asked about continuing conservation and climate-smart agriculture funding▶ 2:32:54, immigrant dairy labor▶ 2:34:50, and crop insurance for small vegetable farmers via his WEATHER Act▶ 2:36:26.

• Sen. Jim Justice (R-WV)▶ 2:38:20: Delivered an extended tribute to the American family farm and asked Rollins to commit to supporting value-added manufacturing like furniture and flooring production returning from overseas▶ 2:44:04.

• Sen. Mark Warner (D-VA)▶ 2:45:37: Congratulated Rollins and Klobuchar on their committee roles▶ 2:45:37.

• Sen. Raphael Warnock (D-GA)▶ 2:46:22: Asked about protecting USDA liaisons to 1890 land-grant institutions like Fort Valley State▶ 2:46:22, sought commitment to equitable and swift disaster assistance following Hurricane Helene▶ 2:49:00, questioned SNAP adequacy citing $6.15/day average benefit▶ 2:50:53, and later pressed on the USDA Equity Commission report and diverse hiring▶ 3:53:27.

• Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-IA)▶ 2:53:44: Urged Rollins to answer congressional oversight letters and listen to whistleblowers, citing 38 ongoing investigations▶ 2:55:10; pushed for enforcement of "actively engaged in farming" payment eligibility rules▶ 2:56:29 and payment caps to prevent large farms getting bigger subsidies▶ 2:57:26; also raised the Packers and Stockyards Act enforcement▶ 3:00:33.

• Sen. Elissa Slotkin (D-MI)▶ 3:01:41: Walked through the 2018 U.S.-China tariff retaliation cycle that led to a $23 billion farmer subsidy package, seeking assurance tariffs wouldn't again "boomerang" onto farmers▶ 3:03:03, and raised avian flu response and $4.69/dozen egg prices in Michigan▶ 3:06:56.

• Sen. Deb Fischer (R-NE)▶ 3:08:57: Discussed biofuel markets and E-15 policy▶ 3:10:00, the agricultural trade deficit▶ 3:13:06, and invited Rollins to visit a Nebraska agricultural research facility▶ 3:15:54.

• Sen. Todd Young (R-IN)▶ 3:16:21: Asked whether Rollins believes children should not go hungry in America, drawing a "yes"▶ 3:17:31.

• Sen. Ben Ray Luján (D-NM)▶ 3:18:01: Pressed on whether Rollins would oppose SNAP cuts affecting children▶ 3:18:24, asked about WIC funding▶ 3:20:16, small-farm regulatory burden▶ 3:22:01, and prescribed-burn wildfire prevention practices following New Mexico's Hermits Peak fire▶ 3:22:55.

• Sen. Jerry Moran (R-KS)▶ 3:31:14: Criticized how 2022 disaster payments were implemented and asked for faster, clearer distribution▶ 3:33:33; raised the National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility in Manhattan, Kansas▶ 3:35:06; and questioned low in-office attendance rates at NIFA/ERS after their relocation to Kansas City▶ 3:36:48.

• Sen. John Thune (R-SD)▶ 3:24:29: Raised mandatory country-of-origin labeling for beef▶ 3:25:54 and Black Hills National Forest timber sale cuts threatening sawmill jobs▶ 3:27:22.

Key moments

• Rollins cited an almost $45 billion U.S. agricultural trade deficit, with 42% of that growth occurring in the last year alone, and corn prices down 35%▶ 0:55:37▶ 0:56:08.

• Sen. Ernst confronted Rollins with GAO findings that USDA headquarters space utilization is just 11%, calling the building a "ghost town" per whistleblower letters▶ 1:40:27.

• Sen. Durbin pressed Rollins on mass deportation's impact on agriculture, noting 40% of U.S. farmworkers are undocumented; Rollins said she supports the president's "mass deportation at a scale that matters" but committed to working with the Labor Secretary on the H-2A program▶ 1:47:57▶ 1:50:13.

• Sen. Schiff repeatedly asked who would work California farms if half the undocumented farm workforce were deported; Rollins responded "we just don't know" who would be affected and called the scenario partly "hypothetical"▶ 3:44:04▶ 3:45:04.

• Sen. Klobuchar asked directly whether Rollins's family's financial interests in oil would affect her decisions; Rollins said she has "never made decision based on financial interests, ever"▶ 1:06:18▶ 1:07:04.

• Sen. Booker cited that the U.S. has lost over 140,000 farms and that 80% of family farmers rely on second jobs for income▶ 2:03:09▶ 2:03:37.

• Sen. Schiff noted that under the 2019 Market Facilitation Program, California specialty crop growers received only about 1% of nearly $15 billion in USDA tariff-relief funds despite California's leading specialty-crop production▶ 2:23:23.

• Sen. Luján asked Rollins for a yes/no commitment to oppose SNAP cuts affecting children; Rollins declined, saying "I cannot commit to that" while citing her duty to taxpayers▶ 3:18:32▶ 3:18:58.

• Sen. Warnock secured a "yes" commitment that disaster assistance would go to all eligible farmers "including those historically left out of USDA assistance often due to discrimination"▶ 3:50:04▶ 3:50:18.

• Rollins disclosed that America First Policy Institute "was not involved at all" in Project 2025 when Sen. Durbin asked about its proposed $40,000 crop insurance payment cap▶ 1:54:04.

Metadata

CommitteeSenate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
Chamber / CongressSenate · 119th Congress
DateJanuary 23, 2025
TypeMeeting
Witnesses
(none listed in event metadata)
Videosenate-isvp
Transcript615 caption blocks · 31,116 words · 4:01:14 runtime
EventCongress.gov 336548