Hearings to examine Arctic Frost, focusing on conspiracy and coordination

DOJ and Judicial Nomination VotesSenate Judiciary Subcommittee on Constitution · April 21, 2026 · 119th Congress
The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution held this hearing to examine "Arctic Frost," the FBI/DOJ investigation opened in 2022 that expanded into inquiries touching Trump associates, Republican members of Congress, and conservative organizations, and its links to the Jack Smith special counsel probe, the Fulton County (Georgia) prosecution, and the Manhattan district attorney's case against President Trump. Begins at ▶ 0:17:37
Transcript
Highlights

Title

Hearing on "Arctic Frost" investigation of Trump allies and associates

Purpose

The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution held this hearing to examine "Arctic Frost," the FBI/DOJ investigation opened in 2022 that expanded into inquiries touching Trump associates, Republican members of Congress, and conservative organizations, and its links to the Jack Smith special counsel probe, the Fulton County (Georgia) prosecution, and the Manhattan district attorney's case against President Trump. Republicans, led by Chair Schmitt, argued the investigation amounted to political weaponization of law enforcement against the American right, while Democrats, led by Ranking Member Welch and Sen. Durbin, framed it as a legitimate investigation into efforts to overturn the 2020 election and the January 6 attack on the Capitol. Witnesses included former DOJ official Jeffrey Clark, America First Legal's Dan Epstein, and former prosecutor Dan Schwager. Begins at▶ 0:17:37

Who spoke

• Chair Eric Schmitt (R-MO)▶ 0:17:37: Opened by calling Arctic Frost a "whole of government" effort by the Biden administration to identify, intimidate, and bankrupt Trump's political world▶ 0:19:24; cited documents showing Jack Smith prosecutors discussing ways around Speech and Debate protections▶ 0:20:05 and a Biden White House email calling Fani Willis "an icon"▶ 0:21:17; later questioned Clark on the sealed Fulton County communications▶ 0:21:44▶ 1:03:56.

• Sen. Peter Welch (D-VT), Ranking Member▶ 0:28:14: Said the investigation stemmed from Trump's incitement of the January 6 insurrection, citing his "stop the steal" speech and over 2,000 people who breached the Capitol, injuring 140 officers and leaving five dead in the aftermath▶ 0:29:42▶ 0:30:10; in questioning pressed Clark and Epstein repeatedly on who won the 2020 election▶ 1:09:10▶ 1:10:43.

• Senator Grassley (R-IA) (statement read by Chair Schmitt; not present)▶ 0:35:50: His statement, read into the record, described new whistleblower records on "Operation Rampart 12," a 2021 predecessor probe into Reps. Lauren Boebert, Paul Gosar, and others, alleging it lacked evidentiary support▶ 0:36:21▶ 0:36:49.

• Sen. Dick Durbin (D-IL)▶ 0:38:11: Criticized DOJ's recent move to vacate seditious conspiracy convictions of Proud Boys and Oath Keepers members▶ 0:38:41; detailed Jeffrey Clark's role pushing false 2020 fraud claims and the "Subverting Justice" report and D.C. Bar complaint against him▶ 0:40:59▶ 0:42:50; in questioning pressed Clark on undisclosed communications with Trump, who repeatedly invoked privilege▶ 1:21:12▶ 1:22:39.

• Mr. Dan Epstein, America First Legal▶ 0:48:12: Testified Arctic Frost involved 197 grand jury subpoenas and ensnared roughly 400 organizations, including America First Legal itself, which didn't exist on January 6, 2021▶ 0:49:30; said Deputy AG Monaco and FBI Director Wray personally signed off on the inquiry April 4, 2022▶ 0:49:12; argued Jack Smith's special counsel appointment was constitutionally unauthorized▶ 1:19:10; under Welch's questioning, declined to directly say Biden won the 2020 election, eventually saying "Biden was elected president"▶ 1:09:58.

• Mr. Dan Schwager, former corruption prosecutor▶ 0:53:22: Described the normal use of "loads and tolls" subpoena techniques and nondisclosure orders in complex investigations▶ 0:55:02▶ 0:56:22; concluded the Arctic Frost investigation was "well predicated" and followed standard investigative policies▶ 0:57:59.

• Mr. Jeffrey Clark, former DOJ official▶ 0:58:33: Testified Arctic Frost was a "political dragnet" designed to destroy the populist Republican party▶ 0:59:04; described his family's devices being seized and death threats received, including one describing dismemberment▶ 1:00:25▶ 1:00:55; repeatedly invoked executive, law enforcement, deliberative process, and attorney-client privilege when Sens. Durbin and Whitehouse pressed him on communications with Trump and on drafting his election-fraud letter▶ 1:21:30▶ 1:35:00.

• Sen. Marsha Blackburn (R-TN)▶ 1:15:04: Asked Epstein and Clark whether politics was absent from the Biden FBI, eliciting both saying it was "absolutely political"▶ 1:16:44▶ 1:17:02; raised the argument that Jack Smith's appointment lacked statutory authority▶ 1:18:14.

• Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI)▶ 1:32:26: Pressed Clark on whether outside parties, including Rep. Scott Perry, helped arrange his Oval Office meeting and later employment, and challenged his privilege claims as invalid▶ 1:37:03.

• Sen. Josh Hawley (R-MO)▶ 1:37:38: Pivoted to alleging a coordinated left-wing campaign to destroy Supreme Court independence, citing leaks of justices' private papers and funding of protests at justices' homes▶ 1:38:39▶ 1:42:54.

• Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA)▶ 1:43:59: Argued the hearing ignored Trump's own efforts to undermine elections, citing an executive order requiring states to use a DHS voter list and his new Absentee and Mail Voter Protection Act▶ 1:47:31; also raised concerns about roughly 15,000 people deported to third countries▶ 1:48:10.

• Sen. Katie Britt (R-AL)▶ 1:26:08: Cited "no self-approval" rule violations by the FBI agent who opened the case and subpoenas targeting nearly 100 Republican groups▶ 1:26:30; asked Epstein about reforming nondisclosure order law▶ 1:28:45.

• Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX)▶ 1:49:36: Highlighted Garland, Monaco, and Wray's April 4, 2022 authorization signatures▶ 1:50:00; detailed Nathan Wade's $20,000 in billed coordination meetings with the White House and January 6 Committee, and his "I don't remember" answer 58 times under oath▶ 1:52:23▶ 1:53:29; walked Clark through his home raid, Georgia indictment, and D.C. Bar disbarment recommendation▶ 1:55:44▶ 1:56:15.

Key moments

• Chair Schmitt released documents allegedly showing Jack Smith prosecutors discussing whether they could "get the cloud, not notify, and do the search without consulting the member" regarding Republican members of Congress▶ 0:20:38.

• Schmitt cited an email in which a Biden White House official called Fani Willis "an icon"▶ 0:21:17, and noted Nathan Wade visited the White House the same day Jack Smith was appointed special counsel, November 18, 2022▶ 0:22:43.

• Epstein testified Arctic Frost generated 197 grand jury subpoenas covering roughly 400 organizations and secretly obtained personal cell phone records of eight Republican senators without required congressional notice▶ 0:49:30▶ 0:49:55.

• Clark testified his 12-year-old daughter's personal diary was read by agents during a raid, and he received a death threat describing dismemberment▶ 1:00:25▶ 1:00:55.

• In sharp exchanges, Welch and Whitehouse pressed Clark and Epstein on whether Biden won the 2020 election and on privilege claims; Epstein eventually said "Biden was elected president"▶ 1:09:58, while Clark stated Biden "received the necessary number of electoral college votes"▶ 1:10:47.

• Cruz elicited testimony that Nathan Wade answered "I don't remember" 58 times under oath about coordination meetings, which Epstein said implies "he's not telling the truth"▶ 1:53:29▶ 1:53:42.

• Durbin noted Deputy AG Donoghue reprimanded Clark on January 2, 2021 for violating DOJ's White House contacts policy, but Clark repeatedly declined to answer questions about his communications with Trump, citing privilege▶ 1:21:12▶ 1:21:30.

• Whitehouse challenged Clark's repeated privilege assertions regarding who helped draft his Georgia election letter, saying "that just ain't so" and noting the D.C. Board of Professional Responsibility rejected similar claims▶ 1:35:27.

• Hawley pivoted the hearing toward alleged leaks of Supreme Court justices' private papers and funding of protests at justices' homes, calling for hearings to identify funding sources▶ 1:42:54.

• Padilla countered that the hearing ignored Trump-era election concerns, citing an executive order to require a DHS "eligible voters" list and his new bill to block it, plus roughly 15,000 people deported to third countries per the Migration Policy Institute▶ 1:47:01▶ 1:48:10.

Metadata

CommitteeSenate Judiciary Subcommittee on Constitution
Chamber / CongressSenate · 119th Congress
DateApril 21, 2026
TypeOpen Hearing
Witnesses
(none listed in event metadata)
Videosenate-isvp
Transcript319 caption blocks · 12,924 words · 1:57:05 runtime
EventCongress.gov 338220